Essay on Body Temp and Reaction Time - 1848 Words

Can Your Body Tell the Time of Day? (NOTE: If you have thought of a statistics project that you would prefer to tackle instead of the one described below, contact me. I’ll try to make an equivalent project using your particular topic of interest.) Objective: You will measure how body temperature and reaction time vary throughout the course of a day, as well as related questions. In particular, you must address each of the questions below. ï‚ · Question 1: At what time of the day is the body temperature highest? When is it lowest? How much difference is there? Are body temperatures between midnight and noon significantly different than body temperatures between noon and midnight? Question 2: At what time of the day does reaction time peak?†¦show more content†¦Introduction: In order to stay healthy and to function efficiently, living things must coordinate their internal processes with the external world. The most obvious feature of our environment that most creatur es have to respond to is the daily cycle of light and dark. Biological processes that follow this 24-hour cycle, such as our sleep-wake cycle, are said to follow a circadian rhythm. One of the best-known circadian rhythms in humans is the daily change in body temperature. We tend to be at our coolest in the early morning and at our warmest in the late afternoon and early evening. Other circadian rhythms include hormone levels, alertness, muscle strength, and heart rate. The controlling regulator for these cyclic processes within the body is thought to be the hypothalamus, which is in the brain. Figure 1. Overview of circadian cycles in humans. This diagram depicts some of the circadian patterns that occur in humans. Note that the clock is on a 24-hour cycle, so that 3:30 p.m., for example, is noted as 15:30. The hormone melatonin, which is a key regulator of the internal circadian clock, peaks in concentration at 21:00 (9:00 p.m.). (Wikipedia, 2008.) Data Collection Requirements: You need to collect both measurements of temperature and reaction time throughout the day. Variables of interest must include (but are not limited to): age of participant, gender of participant, time of day measurement isShow MoreRelatedMetabolism : A Machine Fueled By Activity And Temp1287 Words   |  6 PagesActivity and Temp. Introduction What is metabolism? Metabolism is all of the chemical reactions involved in maintaining the living state of the cells and the organism. The Major point of this experiment was to see how and if the chemical processes of metabolism could impact body temperature. However first it must be explained what body temperature is actually measuring. When we measure body temp. We are actually measuring the body’s ability to make and give off heat. When our body is hot the bloodRead MoreEnzyme Activity1327 Words   |  6 Pagesthe effect of temperature, pH, and substrate concentration on Enzyme activity? Purpose: Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions in cells. They break down molecules called substrates. Each enzymes have only one substrate that breaks down. Enzymes are produced in the cells of the body and affect the rate of almost all the chemical reactions which take place in living organisms. The rate of enzymes activity is influenced by temperature, pH, and substrate concentration. The purposeRead MoreIntroduction. Circadian Or Diurnal Rhythms Are Metabolic1646 Words   |  7 PagesCircadian or diurnal rhythms are metabolic or behavioural rhythms, in animals and plants, that occur usually within a 24-hour cycle (Abercrombie et al. 1990). The changes in body temperature over the course of a day (24 hours), or in the case of females, over a month, is one of the most documented human circadian rhythms. 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Art Therapy And The Creative Process - 1708 Words

What is art therapy and does it really work? When one thinks of a therapist and an artist you think of two vastly different people. With therapy being a scientific, analytical study and art a very free and creative one, but when the two are combined they create a strong outlet for a lot of youth. Physical and mental health are very serious matters and are both subjects that children may find hard to talk about. Traditional therapy in some cases can have good outcomes, but for children it is easier to visualize their feelings rather that verbally speaking upon them. Children are considered to be visual learners and traditional therapy does not communicate the same way art therapy can. Many studies have shown that introducing art therapy into classrooms and hospitals can improve a child s physical and mental well-being. One may still be wondering â€Å"what is art therapy?† to answer that question, here is a definition â€Å"Art therapy is the application of the visual arts and the creative process within a therapeutic relationship, to support, maintain, and improve the psycho social, physical, cognitive and spiritual health of individuals of all ages.† (Malchiodi, C. (2013).). With all this in mind it is hard to believe that many still do not look at this form of therapy to be taken seriously. To conduct therapy through art you must have an education behind it considering it is a profession in mental health . Some think that art therapy can be done by any artShow MoreRelatedThe Creative Process Of Art Therapy2442 Words   |  10 PagesAccording to the American Art Therapy Association (AATA), Art Therapy is defined as â€Å"the creative process of art making to improve and enhance the physical, mental and emotional well-being of individuals of all ages† (2013). 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Art is the self-expression of someone of something that shows the hidden or underlying emotions that are found within the unconscious mind. Art has been around for centuries (â€Å"Merriam-Webster†). Normally, art would tell stories of past events which were significant to that culture. This could include things such as hunts and sacrifices to please the gods. As people and humanity started to evolve and become more civilized, art started to transform and take on a new appearance as wellRead MoreExpressive Arts Therapy Essay1176 Words   |  5 PagesExpressive arts therapy is the use of art modalities, creative process, and aesthetic experience in a therapeutic context. It is a therapy of the imagination (McNiff, 1992). Effective communication is an essential element in therapeutic relationships and, although verbal language is the most conventional means of conveying information, oth er forms can convey just as much as words. The arts are an alternative form of communication that has recently received recognition for their value in therapeutic

The Foreign Direct Investment in Pakistan-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the International Business across Borders. Answer: Introduction The foreign direct investment (FDI) is considered as the investment (form of control of the ownership of the business in one country), which is controlled by another entity located in another foreign location (Bilawal et al. 2014). The foreign direct investments encompass the broad range of mergers, acquisitions and the expansion of businesses in foreign countries. The FDI is one of the main parameters that need to be considered for the investment opportunities. There are several emerging markets in the world which has the capability of meeting the standards of a developed nation but are currently considered as developing nation (Salvatore 2014). These include the markets which have enormous potential for future investments and have rapid growth in their gross domestic product (GDP). The emerging markets do possess a hedge capital of over $121 billion. There is a per capita income between 10% and 75% in the emerging countries (Bilawal et al. 2014).These countries are also characteriz ed by tremendous economic growth, which has reduced their income gap with the advanced countries. The selected emerging country for the purpose of this study is Pakistan. There have been tremendous developments in the business marketplace of Pakistan and there has been an increase in the market inflows of the country (around $ 300- $500 million) (Dabla-Norris et al. 2015). The international entities have the option to invest in the Pakistan market as per their foreign portfolio and weight. This report would discuss the different parameters that would determine the profitability of the country for rapid investment. The general overview of the country would be given along with the different political, economic, technological and other factors. The national resources creating competitive advantages would also be underlined. The foreign currency as well as exchange influences would be discussed along with the existing levels of FDI. General Overview of Pakistan The economy of Pakistan is considered as the 24th largest one in the world as per as the purchasing power parity is concerned and it also occupies the 42nd position as per as the nominal gross domestic product is concerned (Finance.gov.pk 2017). The undocumented economy of Pakistan accounts for 36% of the total economy. Pakistan is considered as a developing country which has high potential of becoming the worlds largest economies soon (Finance.gov.pk 2017). The economy of Pakistan is considered as semi-industrialized and the primary export commodities include the leather goods, sports goods, medical instruments and others. The growth areas of Pakistan are located along the Indus river and the several diversified economies of Punjab, Karachi and others (World Bank 2017). The Foreign Exchange Reserves received steady worker remittances, however, there has been growing current deficit, which needs to be improved upon (World Bank 2017). The country is currently in the process of economi c liberalization which includes the privatization of all the government organizations (Finance.gov.pk 2017). This process is aimed at attracting the foreign investments as well as to decrease the various budget deficits. Pakistan has crucial strategic endowments and tremendous development potential (World Bank 2017). There has been an increase in the Pakistans youth population, who has the potential of demographic dividend and there is a challenge for the country to provide them adequate employment and service (World Bank 2017). The country has achieved macroeconomic stability in the last three years. There has been significant reduction in the fiscal deficit of Pakistan and it has reduced from 8 percent to 5 percent (Finance.gov.pk 2017). There are pressures on both external balances and fiscal consolidation.There has been significant reduction in the poverty levels of the region (World Bank 2017). There has been greater decision-making authority that has been bestowed on the provincial governments. PEST analysis of Pakistan It is important to compare the various components of the external environment of Pakistan in order to gain a clearer picture of the country. The PEST analysis of the country is done as under- Political Pakistan has got democratic system and it has got democratically elected government. The political system of Pakistan is not considered as strong enough and it is a weak government (Hussain et al. 2014). There are cases of commission, corruption, money laundering and others, which the government has close connection. The widespread levying of taxes on several products has cause anger among the citizens of the country. Economic The economic situation of Pakistan is poor and experts opine that there have been net losses for the country. The economic growth of Pakistan is considered as slow and the overall purchasing parity of the consumers is considered as low (Myerson 2014). The government has heavy loans from international financial institutions such as World Bank and IMF. The distribution of the income is not uniform and there is a wide gap between the rich and the poor (Hussain et al. 2014). Social The Government of Pakistan allocates the least amount to educational facilities and the health facilities. The retail outlets of the country give environment efficient fuel and take no additional costs from the customers (Hussain et al. 2014). These kinds of fuels play an important role in reducing the exhaust emissions that are caused in the process of greener environment. Technological Pakistan has witnessed significant technological improvement in the industrial sector including the oil and petrol industry (Hussain et al. 2014). There has been stagnant nature of the industrialization of the country. There has been significant rise in the manufacturing technology of the country (Arshad and Ali 2017). National resources and factor endowments which create competitive advantage in Pakistan Pakistan is known for its competencies in home furnishings, textiles, primary products and others. The country has large deposits of copper/gold ore deposits as well as it has large deposits of rock salt (Sohail et al. 2013). The mineral resources of Pakistan are rich and they comprise of limestone, chromite, rock salt, iron ore, fire clay, silica sand and others (Sohail et al. 2013). This kind of national resources makes the country a lucrative place to invest in and utilize the natural resources. Pakistan has high levels of natural gas production and The Sui gas field is considered to be the largest (Khan et al. 2016). The country has abundance of natural resources and it is a country that is blessed with several kinds of fossil fuels. These resources should be utilized well by the country in order to be a successful one. But, there has been instances of political instability, lack of law and corruption that has led to the lack of utilization of the natural resources (Sohail et al. 2013). The country can use these natural resources to create competitive advantage and attract the foreign investors. The competitive advantage of Pakistan can be analyzed with the help of opportunity costs. The country has this advantage as the cost of producing goods in this country is lower than that produced by any other country (Sohail et al. 2013). There are two kinds of factor endowments that are considered such as production parameters and the advanced factors. The country has considerable land for farming and most important crops in the country are cotton, sugarcane, wheat and wheat (Spate and Learmonth 2017). The country has the largest manpower and labor resources, which derives its source from the large population. Around 43% of the population is involved in agriculture and there is a wide debate on the child labor in Pakistan. The advanced parameters focus on the fact that the country has fairly adequate supply of managerial skills, technological know-how as well as good amount of physical infrastructure. Foreign Currency and exchange influences of Pakistan The exchange rate plays a vital role in the international trade markets. It also plays an important part in the globalization as the lower currency rate would enable cheaper exports as well as a higher currency rate would enable expensive export (Bahmani-Oskooee, Iqbal and Nosheen 2016). There is significant devaluation of the Pakistani currency as compared to the other currencies especially US$ (Bahmani-Oskooee, Iqbal and Nosheen 2016). The currency of the country is Rupee and it is managed by the Bank of Pakistan, which is considered as the central financial institution of the country. This institution is trying to do reform in this area and it is planning to tighten the money policy. There are recurring international worker remittances which would help in the creation of foreign exchange reserves (Bahmani-Oskooee, Iqbal and Nosheen 2016). Pakistan is successful in maintaining the constant nominal exchange rate throughout 1970 (Khan, Sattar and Rehman 2015). The domestic inflation of the country has exceeded the world price inflation. The government of the country has reported to export subsidies and there has been tightening of the licensing procedures (Bahmani-Oskooee, Iqbal and Nosheen 2016). In the past, the Pakistan Government has resorted to delinking of the currency from dollar and the country has adapted to flexible exchange rate policy. Existing trade policies, barriers, systems of Pakistan The trade balance is an important parameter in the determination of the exchange influences. It can be defined as the difference between the exports and imports of the countries (Bahmani-Oskooee, Iqbal and Nosheen 2016). The trade balance of the country includes both the debit items as well as credit items. The various debit items is inclusive of the foreign aid, domestic investments, imports and others (Mashkoor, Ahmed and Herani 2015). The various credit items include the foreign spending in domestic economy and various levels of export. Pakistan has an external debt of about $45 billion and it is expected to reach around $52 billion once the IMF loan is being sanctioned (Mashkoor, Ahmed and Herani 2015). A large part of the reserve is used for debt servicing. An approximate number of 45 percent of the population lives below the poverty line and hence the country needs to formulate policies that focus on privatization and liberalization. Pakistani exports mainly comprise of the agr icultural goods such as sports goods, rice, leather, textiles and others. The export growth rate of Pakistan is 4.06% and the growth rate of the imports is 1.22% (Khan, Sattar and Rehman 2015). There has been considerable growth in the imports sector of Pakistan as compared to the export policy (Mashkoor, Ahmed and Herani 2015). However, there have been trade deficits of the country and the reason for the oil imports cost can be attributed to the various trade imbalances. The trade policy of Pakistan is biased towards the protection of manufacturing goods in the domestic market and the promotion through the process of export subsidiaries in the external markets (Mashkoor, Ahmed and Herani 2015). The imports of the various manufacturing goods have been subsidized through the use of various restrictions such as quotas, tariffs and the various manufacturing goods export (Malik 2014). The effective rates of protection include the sharp decline of food, cigarettes, chemicals, footwear and others. The current tariff system of Pakistan is considered to be high tariff in spite of the steady growth of the economy (Mashkoor, Ahmed and Herani 2015). The tariff levels as well as non-tariff protection have witnessed significant reduction and the country has medium-trade policy measures. Current standards of Foreign Direct Investment The foreign direct investment in Pakistan is important and the country must pay attention to policies that would attract the different foreign investors (Raza 2015). Pakistan has small inflow of FDI and it is concentrated in only few regions, which is mainly in the power areas. The country lacks the implementation of measures that would attract the FDI investment. Since there is a negative effect of the fact that FDI is concentrated in the power sector, there would be an increase in the remittances by IPP. Pakistan was basically an agricultural country at the time of independence in 1947 and its industrial capacity was small to process the locally produced agricultural raw material (Mashkoor, Ahmed and Herani 2015). The country now has liberal as well as market oriented policies and experts opine that the private sector fosters the economic growth of the country. The FDI in Pakistan has three important elements such as cash brought in, re-invested earnings and capital equipment broug ht in. Pakistan government encourages the FDI investment in the country and hence it has set up an Export Processing Zone (EPZ) in Karachi. It provides various concessions and facilities in the industrial projects. The overseas citizens of the country were exempted from disclosure of the funds origin for investment (Mashkoor, Ahmed and Herani 2015). The country has more liberal FDI policies and it is intended to minimize the difficulties faced by the industries when setting up companies here. There has been more number of deregulation, liberalization and privatization policies, which is implemented to attract the foreign investors in the country. Recommendation Pakistan has huge population which implies that there are sufficient market for the durable and consumer goods. The country should encourage more number of foreign investors from entering into the markets of Pakistan and set up new industries. It would not only increase the inflow of cash in the domestic economy but it would also lead to higher number of employment. The government should focus on improving the economic strength of the company, improving the quality of labor force and have a welcoming attitude for the foreign firms. It should also help the investors in setting up of new firms and gaining initial permits and licenses. The government should set up a special cell for FDI investments which would help the investors who are willing to put money in the country. The country should also try to increase the purchasing power of the people so that they are able to be the source of stability. Conclusion Pakistan has enormous prospects when it comes to investments by foreign investors. The foreign direct investment in Pakistan poses lucrative opportunities and there should be an increase in the policies that fosters FDI. This report explained the general overview of the country and the various economical statistics is discussed. The PEST analysis of the country is being performed along with focus on political, economic, social and technological factors. The various natural resources and factor endowments which create competitive advantage in Pakistan are discussed in detail. The foreign currency and exchange influences of Pakistan are being discussed in detail. The currency of the country is Rupee and it is managed by the Bank of Pakistan, which is considered as the central financial institution of the country. The existing trade policies, barriers, systems of Pakistan are discussed and it provides valuable insights. The current standards of foreign direct investment are being explor ed in detail. It is important to focus on formulating investor friendly national policies that would attract the FDI. References Arshad, N. and Ali, U., 2017. An analysis of the effects of residential uninterpretable power supply systems on Pakistan's power sector.Energy for Sustainable Development,36, pp.16-21. Bahmani-Oskooee, M., Iqbal, J. and Nosheen, M., 2016. Commodity trade between Pakistan and the US: is there evidence of the J-curve?.Applied Economics,48(11), pp.957-965. Bilawal, M., Ibrahim, M., Abbas, A., Shuaib, M., Ahmed, M., Hussain, I. and Fatima, T., 2014. Impact of Exchange Rate on Foreign Direct Investment in Pakistan.Advances in Economics and Business,2(6), pp.223-231. Dabla-Norris, M.E., Kochhar, M.K., Suphaphiphat, M.N., Ricka, M.F. and Tsounta, E., 2015.Causes and consequences of income inequality: a global perspective. International Monetary Fund. Finance.gov.pk. (2017).| Ministry of Finance | Government of Pakistan |. [online] Available at: https://www.finance.gov.pk [Accessed 28 Aug. 2017]. Hussain, S., Khattak, J., Rizwan, A. and Latif, A., 2014. Interactive Effects of Ansoff Growth Strategies And Market Environment on Firms Growth.British Journal of Business and Management Research,1(2), pp.68-78. Khan, M.M., Zaman, K., Irfan, D., Awan, U., Ali, G., Kyophilavong, P., Shahbaz, M. and Naseem, I., 2016. Triangular relationship among energy consumption, air pollution and water resources in Pakistan.Journal of Cleaner Production,112, pp.1375-1385. Khan, R.E.A., Sattar, R. and Rehman, H.U., 2015. Effectiveness of exchange rate in Pakistan: causality analysis. Malik, S.U., 2014. Determinants of Currency Depreciation in Pakistan. Mashkoor, A., Ahmed, O. and Herani, D., 2015. The relationship between Foreign Currency trading and Economic Development: A case Study of Pakistan. Myerson, R., 2014. Constitutional structures for a strong democracy: considerations on the government of Pakistan.World Development,53, pp.46-54. Raza, S.A., 2015. Foreign direct investment, workers remittances and private saving in Pakistan: an ARDL bound testing approach.Journal of Business Economics and Management,16(6), pp.1216-1234. Salvatore, D. ed., 2014.National Trade Policies. Elsevier. Sohail, M.T., Huang, D., Bailey, E., Akhtar, M.M. and Talib, M.A., 2013. Regulatory framework of mineral resources sector in Pakistan and investment proposal to Chinese Companies in Pakistan.American Journal of Industrial and Business Management,3(05), p.514. Spate, O.H.K. and Learmonth, A.T.A., 2017.India and Pakistan: A general and regional geography(Vol. 12). Routledge. World Bank. (2017).World Bank Group - International Development, Poverty, Sustainability. [online] Available at: https://www.worldbank.org [Accessed 28 Aug. 2017]. Bibliography Bibi, S., Ahmad, S.T. and Rashid, H., 2014. Impact of Trade Openness, FDI, Exchange Rate and Inflation on Economic Growth: A Case Study of Pakistan.International Journal of Accounting and Financial Reporting,4(2), p.236. Gul, S., Mohammad, I. and Amin, A., 2015. Need and Economic Impact Specific Empirical Assessment of Foreign Capital Inflows to Less Developed Countries (A Case Of Pakistan: 1981-2012).FWU Journal of Social Sciences,9(1), p.141. Iqbal, N. and Fengju, X., 2016. Impact of Exchange Rate, Relative Per Capita Income and Relative GDP on China-Pakistan Bilateral Trade.INNOVATION AND MANAGEMENT, p.1745. Jalil, A., Tariq, R. and Bibi, N., 2014. Fiscal deficit and inflation: New evidences from Pakistan using a bounds testing approach.Economic Modelling,37, pp.120-126. Mubeen, R., Nazam, M., Batool, A., Akram, S. and Ishtiaq, M., 2016. Impact of Foreign Remittances on Financial Development of Pakistan.American Scientific Research Journal for Engineering, Technology, and Sciences (ASRJETS),26(4), pp.54-65.

Stress Essays - Stress, Acute Stress Reaction, Norepinephrine

Stress This research paper explains stress and its causes and cures. The research paper will attempt to determine whether there is an effective way to cure stress. Stress is an integral part of life. The complete absence of any stress results in death. Stress plays a key role in daily life, influencing - if not governing - happiness, productivity and health. Stress is known to cause various psychiatric disorders involving anxiety and depression, including posttraumatic stress disorder, major depression, generalized anxiety, and multiple personality disorders.This research will also attempt to explain ways to cure the illness's caused by Stress. The more stress one puts on thereselves the weaker one's immune system becomes. With a weakened immune system we become susceptible to disease and injury. Stress is an adaptive response. It's the body's reaction to an event that is seen as emotionally disturbing, disquieting, or threatening. To prepare for an event, the body increases its heart rate and blood pressure; more blood is then sent to your heart and muscles, and your respiration rate increases. . In the first stage of stress, alarm, the body mobilizes its "fight or flight" defenses, either to resist the stress-causing factor or adapt to it. In this stage, the pituitary-adrenocortical system pours hormones into the bloodstream. The pulse quickens, the lungs take in more oxygen to fuel the muscles, blood sugar increases to supply added energy, digestion slows, and perspiration increases. In the second stage of stress, resistance, the body begins to repair the incidental damage caused by the arousal in the alarm stage. If the stressful situation is resolved, the stress symptoms vanish. If the stressful situation continues, however, a third stage, exhaustion, sets in, and the body's adaptive energy runs out. This stage can continue until some vital organs are affected, and then disease or even death can occur. There are three types of stress, mental, physical, chemical. These different variations of stress all cause similar effects to one's body. Each of these stresses can come from many sources. Most of these have appeared as a primary threat in our environment. Mental stress occurs from a shock as severe as the death of a loved one or from a simple thing like a faulty alarm clock making one late for work. Physical stress on the body can be caused by anything from not getting adequate sleep to a severe whiplash injury from a car accident. In addition, there is a chemical stress which may come from environmental pollution, the side affects of medications or even consumption of overly refined food. Compounding all this is the tension cycle, in which mental stress triggers physical stress or vice versa, leading to a downward spiral of health and happiness and an increasingly painful series of symptoms. Mental stress and Physical Stress are linked due to the fact that if one has mental stress it can cause physical stress. Man's response to psychological stress differs little from sources of potential physical harm (i.e., with surges of adrenaline, a rise in blood pressure and heart rate, and a 4x increase in blood flow to the muscles needed to fight or run away.) Physical symptoms may include a headache, upset stomach, muscle tension, neck or backache, rapid breathing, sweaty palms, and exhaustion. Mentally, you may feel distracted, have trouble concentrating, be illogical or forgetful, or you may have scary thoughts or feel suspicious. You may become easily irritated and impatient, or you may feel tense, depressed, angry or alone. You may have difficulty sleeping. Chemical Stress, however, is cause from manmade substances or objects. our body to make a certain number and quality of enzymes, antibodies, and hormones. These are the end products. The raw materials to make these end products come from our foods. Lack of a suffiecient diet can cause chemical stress. Chemical stress can also come from pesticides, insecticides, polluted air and water, heavy metals such as mercury or lead, asbestos and artificial food additives. Stress in general causes the immune system to weaken to a great extent. There are many health problems related to diminished immune systems including allergies and susceptibility to different diseases such as fungus and yeast infections. With the premature degeneration the stress will cause an acceleration in the aging and the break down of tissues. Physical consequnces such as cellular damage is caused by highly unstable molecules called free radicals. Because of the highly unstable nature of the "free radicals", they can be extremely toxic and are a primary result of stress that undermine the immune system and threaten health. Ironically, the body's immune system

Does Beauty Have To Be Painful Professor Ramos Blog

Does Beauty Have To Be Painful Melanie Martinez is a twenty one year old pop star. Vogue said Melanie Martinez has been plucked from the imagination of Doctor Sues. Because of her image of Cry Baby one of Melanies characters which represents her as a child with crazy, colorful hair and outfits; also through her music she speaks out about drug abuse, depression, family dysfunction and self love. Her lyrics are a twisted blend of childhood naivetà ©, teenage angst, and adult apathy all of which are sung over creepy synths and hard hitting hip hop (Vogue). Melanie gives us another scary, creepy but very deep message behind her song Mrs. Potato Head off of her newest album Cry Baby. Martinez explains in her own words what Mrs. Potato Head is about. Its a song about feeling the need to change how you look to fit a certain standard (Martinez). The video begins with Martinezs imaginary character Cry Baby watching a black and white television in a dark, gloomy living room sittings on the floor eating cookies childishly. A commercial for diet pills comes on. Saying If you want to be a man magnet just take this pill. The only side affects are depression, self confident issues, reprogramming brain to obey man. Cry baby begins to cry and question her beauty and self worth. Martinez is sending the message that the world is coming through our televisions and social media and affecting young womens self worth. Advertising is influencing girls to be beautiful you must be skinny or youll be unattractive. Also why do it the healthy way with eating ri ght and exercise when you can have immediate self gratification when you can just take a little pill to fix it all. We watch as Cry Baby shows theses affects on young girls physiological health as she runs to the bathroom and quickly stuffs toilet paper in her top to make her bust seem larger. She smears red glossy lip stick over her lips as she cries in the bathroom looking and judging her new appearance in the bathroom mirror. Cry Baby then finishes off her new look with a small white diet pill. She smiles through the tears that have ran her black mascara down her rosy red cheeks to show she approves of her new image. We follow cry baby as she walks back to the black and white television. You notice she is shaking and trying not to cry maybe the diet pill is starting to take affect. Our attention turns to the television where it seems to pull us into a story land. Where we meet a beautiful brunet woman and a tall man. The young girl seems to be head over hills for this gentleman until she finds her self in a doctors office. The tall gentleman and doctor converse about her looks. Pulling at her skin and drawing on her face to mark her imperfections. Its a dehumanizing experience (pop) and you can see she is not completely comfortable but she wants to please the gentleman. Martinez sings Dont be dramatic its just a little plastic. No one will love you if your unattractive. Then she goes on to sing the chorus Oh Mrs. Potato Head tell me is it true, pain is beauty? and Oh Mr. Potato Head how did you afford her surgery? Martinez sends out the message that woman in our society are in need of perfection of other people. Also that men, and the world can have power over women making them insecure about their body image. It is often assumed in consumer culture that people attend to their body image in an instrumental manner as status and social acceptability (Feather Stone). Society gives woman the image of a perfect woman and if we are not similar then we are not beautiful. Martinez wants us to love our selves for what we are and she wants us to know that we do not have to change our image to be happy and be accepted. Martinez compares plastic surgery to Mrs. Potato Head which is a toy invented in 1949 by George Lener, where you can rearrange her face how ever you want. Just how the gentleman and doctor are doing to the young lady. Martinez goes on to ask Mr. Potato Head Do you swear youll stay forever, even if her face dont stay together. The world and social media idea of beauty changes all the time. One day the idea of perfection is being super skinny and the next day men only want a girl with curves. Towards the end of the video the gentleman is seen with another girl in a long yellow dress. This show us the sad reality that Mr. Potato Head does not stay forever even after the risks and modifications that our young girl has gone through to become beautiful in his eyes. Martinez does an amazing job in this video. I highly recommend that woman watch this video. I give it a rating of five out of five. It shows the hard truth about how the world today judges and looks at woman. Through social media and advertising the image of the perfect woman can affect how we look at our body image and self worth. Martinez is spreading the word through her music and telling us that we do not need to change ourselves to be accepted. The world should accept women for who we are as individuals. Woman need to reject and resist harmful messages about the image of an ideal woman and their bodies in todays popular culture. (kite) Melanie Martinez ability to give out such a hard message is wonderfully portrayed through this video and her character Cry Baby. The music video its self sets the sad scene that many people do not see unless you are going through this issue yourself. It shows the world what many young girls and woman are going through. While shinning a light on beauty advertisement companys and the ugly side of social media. Body, Image and Affect in Consumer Culture Featherstone, Michael 2010. Body, Image and Affect in Consumer Culture. Body Society, 16(1), pp. 193-221. ISSN 1357-034X [Article] This article explains the relationship between body , image and the effect within the consumer culture. This article is based on popular physiognomic assumptions that the body is a reflection of the self. I will use this to give more information on how the world looks at plastic surgery and beauty. This is an academic journal â€Å"The Effects of Cosmetic Surgery on Body Image, Self-Esteem, and Psychological Problems.† Soest, T. Von, et al. Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive Aesthetic Surgery, vol. 62, no. 10, 2009, pp. 1238–1244., doi:10.1016/j.bjps.2007.12.093.This is a study that will investigate if plastic surgery has an affect on someones body image , general self esteem, and psychological problems. They have taken this information from a survey that involves 155 female cosmetic surgery patients. I will use this study to prove Melianes message on plastic surgery. This is a scholarly journal from google scholar. YouTube. (2018). Body Positivity or Body Obsession? Learning to See More Be More | Lindsay Kite | TEDxSaltLakeCity. [online] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uDowwh0EU4wt=203s [Accessed 28 Nov. 2018].Lindsey Kite talks about her own struggle with body imagery and what she is doing to help the world. I will use her story to help my reader emotionally connect to my review and the issue. Lindsay Kite is a scholar and advocate of positive body image. YouTube. (2018). Melanie Martinez Mrs. Potato Head [Official Video]. [online] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wkri1NUq9ro [Accessed 28 Nov. 2018]. Is a video about plastic surgery and its consequences. It also addresses the struggle many people deal with their idea of beauty. I will use this video to give a view of how the world ideas and pressure of beauty affect people today.This is my primary source. YouTube. (2018). Melanie Martinez Monday Mrs Potato Head | Reaction, Review Explanation. [online] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pYmFl0sodmEt=70s [Accessed 28 Nov. 2018]. In this review they go over the whole video giving insight and opinion of Melenians work. This will help me fully understand â€Å"Mrs.Potato Head† by Melianie Martinez. This is my popular source.

The Rules of Using Positive and Negative Integers

The Rules of Using Positive and Negative Integers Whole numbers, which are figures that do not have fractions or decimals, are also called integers. They can have one of two values: positive or negative. Positive integers  have values greater than zero.Negative integers have values less than zero.  Zero is neither positive nor negative. The rules of how to work with positive and negative numbers are important because youll encounter them in daily life, such as in balancing a bank account, calculating weight, or preparing recipes. Tips for Success Like any subject, succeeding in mathematics takes practice and patience. Some people find numbers easier to work with than others do. Here are a few tips for working with positive and negative integers:Context can help you make sense of unfamiliar concepts.  Try and think of a practical application like keeping score when youre practicing.Using a number line showing both sides of zero is very helpful to help develop the understanding of working with positive and negative numbers/integers.Its easier to keep track of the negative numbers if you enclose them in brackets. Addition Whether youre adding positives or negatives, this is the simplest calculation you can do with integers. In both cases, youre simply calculating the sum of the numbers. For example, if youre adding two positive integers, it looks like this: 5 4 9 If youre calculating the sum of two negative integers, it looks like this: (–7) (–2) -9 To get the sum of a negative and a positive number, use the sign of the larger number and subtract. For example: (–7) 4 –36 (–9) –3(–3) 7 45 (–3) 2 The sign will be that of the larger number. Remember that adding a negative number is the same as subtracting a positive one. Subtraction The rules for subtraction are similar to those for addition. If youve got two positive integers, you would subtract the smaller number from the larger one. The result will always be a positive integer: 5  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ 3 2 Likewise, if you were to subtract a positive integer from a negative one, the calculation becomes a matter of addition (with the addition of a negative value): (–5)  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ 3 –5 (–3) –8 If youre  subtracting negatives from positives, the two negatives cancel out and it becomes addition: 5  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ (–3) 5 3 8 If youre subtracting a negative from another negative integer, use the sign of the larger number and subtract: (–5)  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ (–3) (–5) 3 –2(–3) – (–5) (–3) 5 2 If you get confused, it often helps to write a positive number in an equation first and then the negative number. This can make it easier to see whether a sign change occurs. Multiplication Multiplying integers is fairly simple if you remember the following rule. If both integers are either positive or negative, the total will always be a positive number. For example: 3 x 2 6(–2) x (–8) 16 However, if you are multiplying a positive integer and a negative one, the result will always be a negative number: (–3) x 4 –123 x (–4) –12 If youre multiplying a larger series of positive and negative numbers, you can add up how many are positive and how many are negative. The final sign will be the one in excess.   Division As with multiplication, the rules for dividing integers follow the same positive/negative guide. Dividing two negatives or two positives yields a positive number: 12 / 3 4(–12) / (–3) 4 Dividing one negative integer and one positive integer results in a negative figure: (–12) / 3 –412 / (–3) –4

Specific Behaviour Problems Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Essay

Specific Behaviour Problems Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) - Essay Example An explanation given for this kind of disparity is the psychological view that female gender is able to learn how to direct the behaviour issues they experience and have more control over them as is opposed to males. However, the likelihood that females will still exhibit criminal behaviours after having developed ADHD is still as possible as that of the male gender. One of the most important points to note is the fact that not all people who have been diagnosed with this disorder have to develop criminal behaviours. The only thing is that the rate of this criminality occurring is higher than it is for normal children (Siegel & Senna, 2004). ADHD has been widely covered in terms of research due to the interest it has elicited in many behavioural outcomes in society. The fact that criminal practice is of greater interest to society has made this disorder receive much attention as forming the basis of explanation given to future criminal practices by these individuals that exhibited th e behaviour in their growth stages. This could be attributed to the aspect of co-morbidity that has been established with this disorder as having a link to other external behaviours (Johansson, et al., 2005). This paper takes a critical look at ADHD, its implications for schools and schooling environment, intervention measures, and how this behaviour is likely to be applied in the current and future educational practices (Ghodsian-Carpey & Baker, 1987). Review on Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Some form of dysfunctions in the brain or abnormalities on the cerebral structures does affect people leading to them experiencing explosive rage which could be in form of violence episodes. Such explosive rage is thought to cause antisocial behaviour. The ADHD levels in children who pose antisocial behaviours in class have been established to be higher. In addition to that, ADHD has been linked to some conditions known to be risk factors in carrying out offenses, and they cou ld be exhibited as neuropsychological deficits, poor cognitive and academic skills, defiance, aggression, psychological problems, and truancy (Moffitt, 1993). Indeed a real cause of ADHD has not been fully established and all the explanations available are merely based on some intuitions derived from known biological and psychological developments (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). Many think it is as a result of chemical imbalance within the central nervous system which is caused by exposure to certain environmental factors such as exposure to toxin at pregnancy, additives taken in food and allergies, including reactions to sugar, caffeine and other foods and colourings, or genetic factors. For those in favour of biochemical imbalance explanation, they pose that this results from a neurotransmitter deficiency and where this imbalance is not treated, such a child develops and shows maladaptive behaviours and these could be followed by long periods of emotional and physical pr oblems (Reiss, 1997). The most common way of identifying ADHD is observing a student in the way he or she behaves. This student will have difficulties in being attentive in class, could be very active and thus hyperactivity, or may carry out an action before thinking, a condition known as impulsivity (Babinski, et

Constructing Gender through Body Customization Essay - 1

Constructing Gender through Body Customization - Essay Example The same goes for me as I try to combine different styles of clothing along with different accessories. The way we dress portrays our self-identity and thus when we choose a dressing style we have control over the way we want to present our personality. Moreover, my dressing style has impact on my emotions. For instance, I prefer to wear light color clothes as they keep me calm while tight-fitting clothes make me uncomfortable and impatient. 1. It is a fact that the way a person dresses and adorns their body reflects the personal beliefs of that person. In society, the personality of a person is manifested in their dressing sense and it helps other people to characterize them by interpreting their behavior and attitude, and this becomes significant in the context of social gatherings. It has become a practice to stereotype people according to their dress like those who are well-dressed are considered as happy, optimistic, outgoing, and financially affluent (Sanders, 2009, p.1). When I reflect on my personal beliefs I realize that they get reflected in the way I dress. My casual attitude consists of leggings and cool t-shirts along with natural makeup that indicates my belief that everyone looks best with physical features with which they were born. Therefore I refrain from coloring my hair or having tattoos on my body. I also do not generally apply heavy makeup on my eyes with bright colors of eyeshadow as I believe that takes away the natural look of my facial features. A stranger will most probably consider me as a laid-back person with a casual sense of fashion. 2. The core beliefs and values of my family lay in their broad minded perspective of modern day fashion. The elder members of my family are aware of changing trends in fashion and they do not usually provide unsolicited advice to the younger generation. However, the young people of my family do not indulge in vulgar dressing styles and try to

The Rise of the Bureaucratic State Essay Example for Free

The Rise of the Bureaucratic State Essay The bureaucracy has been constantly growing since its beginning. At the end of the Federalist period, only 3,000 civilian officials were appointed; then in 1925 about half a million were employees in the bureaucracy. However, the size of the bureaucracy is completely insignificant. What matters is the amount of power that can be exercised by the members of the bureaucratic agencies. The author, James Q. Wilson, provides an example that in 1971, the federal government provided fifty four million dollars to various social security programs, however, the Social Security Administration only employed 73,000 people at the time. The increases in the size of the bureaucratic agencies affect the executive branch of the government. For example, from 1816 to 1861, the employment in the executive branch increased from 4,837 to 36,672. However, eighty six percent of this growth was the result of additions to the postal service. After 1861, many new departments were formed relating to agriculture, labor and commerce, which have led to a clientelisitc (client oriented) bureaucracy. In addition, the government began to formally give bureaucratic recognition to the many peculiar interests in the economy. The author concludes that the bureaucratic clentelism becomes self-perpetuating in the absence of some crisis or scandal. In addition, the separation of powers makes it difficult to permit the enactment of a new program or the creation of a new agency. After reading this article, I was surprised that some agencies associated with agriculture control the flow of billions of dollars in expenditures and loans. Furthermore, local committees of farmers, private farm organizations dominate policy making in some areas.

Methods of Fusion :: Nuclear

Methods of Fusion Abstract Nuclear fusion was discussed in this paper. First, the reader is given an introduction to nuclear power and is then led to fission/fusion. Fusion is discussed as being better than fission and reasons are given as to why that is so. Fusion methods are then discussed and current and planned machines are placed for discussion. Lastly, the machines are summarized. Introduction Today, you hear news about nuclear power. But what is nuclear power? Well, in an atom, there is a force known as the strong nuclear force, which exists in atoms. The first way is fission, which breaks the atom apart using some method. This is the method that is currently providing 20% of the power in the power grid. The other less developed method is still in the testing stage but the basic concept is fusion. Hydrogen isotopes (atoms with different numbers of neutrons) are combined together using several different methods which will be discussed later. This results in bonds, which generate energy (Jensen 2006). Discussion Now you know how fission is being utilized throughout the world, and you have a basic idea of how nuclear power works. However, there is a problem with nuclear fission being that there are many dangers. For one, nuclear fission creates nuclear waste, which cannot be destroyed and must be stored somewhere. Also, this waste is radioactive which makes the life surrounding the waste exposed to radiation and as a result, the waste destroys the nearby ecosystem. Also, if there happens to be a meltdown, radiation could spread for miles depending on the wind and kill many people. Take Chernobyl for example. There was a nuclear reactor there that meltdown. As a result, the area in a 20- Methods of Fusion mile radius around the plant had to be evacuated because the radiation levels were so high. The fuel is uncommon and takes time to purify in some cases. The solution to this problem is to use nuclear fusion. Through this, humankind has a much better way to create energy on the scale of MW. Not to mention, the fuel needed for nuclear fusion is only deuterium and tritium, which is an isotope of hydrogen, the most common element on Earth. Also, the energy output is very high. For example, JET, the Joint European Tokomak can produce 16 MW in one pulse. That’s 16 million watts. Also, the waste product of the fusion reactor is not radioactive but is instead helium.

Over-the-counter (OTC) medicines

Over-the-counter (OTC) medicines are drugs you can buy without a prescription compared to prescription drugs, which may only be sold to consumers with a prescription. Some OTC medicines relieve aches, pains and itches. Some prevent or cure diseases, like tooth decay and athlete's foot. Others help manage recurring problems, like migraines. When it comes to treating such common ailments as coughs and colds, fever, heartburn, and aches and pains, people are using more types of non-prescription, over-the-counter medicines than ever before.Once consisting of a relatively small number of medications, OTC medicines now account for the majority of all medications used, including many that were once available only by prescription. There are more than 100,000 OTC products on the market today, and the market is worth  £500million-plus a year and is growing every year. Some of the most common examples of OTC drugs are pain relievers, antihistamines, cough medicines. Pain relievers are medicin es used to treat pain caused by any number of conditions. They can be used to treat headaches, joint pain, muscle cramps or minor injuries.Some examples of OTC painkillers are Anacin Tylenol and Excedrin. Generic versions of these brand-name medications can also be found. Some generic examples include aspirin, ibuprofen, and ketoprofen. Antihistamines are medications used to treat or prevent the symptoms of allergies. OTC antihistamines can be divided into two types: first and second generation. Some examples of first-generation antihistamines are Dimetapp, Benadryl. Second-generation examples include Claritin and Zyrtec. While both types can be used to treat allergies, first-generation antihistamines can also be used to treat colds. Both types can be mixed with other medications, such as painkillers, to treat several symptoms at once.OTC cough medicines are split into two separate categories: antitussives and expectorants. Antitussives function as cough suppressants. They relieve c oughing fits by blocking the reflex to cough. Expectorants thin the mucus that causes coughing, making it easier to break up and lessening the duration of the cough. Examples of OTC antitussives include Triaminic Cold and Cough and Robitussin Cough. Examples of OTC expectorants include Mucinex and Robitussin Chest Congestion. The benefits of OTC drugs are the costs to the patients and the NHS.People seeking relief from symptoms of common ailments and some diseases can avoid the cost  of a doctor's visit by purchasing OTC drugs and can still have confidence that the medicine meets necessary criteria. Also, OTC drugs are generally less expensive than prescription medicines this both benefitting the NHS and the patient. Some problems with OTC drugs have arisen with patients abusing ovOTCr the counter drugs. They are readily available to the general public. According to the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, the number of people abusing prescription and OTC drugs jumped from 4.7 million to 6.9 million between 2005 and 2007.OTC drugs are deemed safe if used as directed. However, it seems clear that not everyone is following the directions. A big reason OTC drug abuse is prevalent is because these drugs are accessible and relatively cheap. Many people already have OTC drugs in their medicine cabinets or cupboards. There is no need to hide the drugs for fear of raising suspicions or getting arrested. Illegal drugs, which can produce the same effect as OTC drugs, are more dangerous to obtain and typically more costly. As well as abuse of OTC drugs there’s addiction Alone, codeine phosphate is only available on prescription. But it has been available OTC in low doses and in combination with aspirin, paracetamol, or ibuprofen for many years.The most common addiction is to the OTC drug Solpadeine – a combination of paracetamol and codeine. There are 4,000 known people registered that are currently have this problem. In conclusion OTC drugs can have t here pluses and negatives on the general public. It saves a lot of NHS money by having over the counter drugs by saving a lot of doctor’s time for minor ailments. However there have been a lot of problems with abuse and addictions that have arose from this questioning where some are safe for patients to be getting such access to.

Litrature Review on Fii’s Impact on Indian Banking Sector

Women Empowerment in India Women empowerment in India is a challenging task as we need to acknowledge the fact that gender based discrimination is a deep rooted social malice practiced in India in many forms since thousands of years. The malice is not going to go away in a few years or for that matter by attempting to work at it through half-hearted attempts. Formulating laws and policies are not enough as it is seen that most of the times these laws and policies just remain on paper. The ground situation on the other hand just remains the same and in many instances worsens further. Addressing the malice of gender discrimination and women empowerment in India is long drawn battle against powerful structural forces of the society which are against women's growth and development. Women empowerment in India: The need for ground level actions We have to accept the fact that things are not going to change overnight but because of this we cannot stop taking action either. At this juncture the most important step is to initiate ground level actions however small it might seem. The ground level actions should be focussed towards changing the social attitude and practices prevalent in the society which are highly biased against women. This can be initiated by working with the women at the root level and focusing on increasing women's access and control over resources and increasing their control over decision making. Further working on the aspect of enhanced mobility and social interaction of women in the society would positively influence all round development and empowerment of women in India. Women empowerment in India: Reality check at the ground level Today there are lot of things that is happening in the name of women empowerment in India and lot of resources are spent in this direction. Keeping this in mind it is crucial to have a reality check on what is happening on paper and what is the actual ground situation. It is worthwhile to ponder on the fact that we are one of the worst in terms of worldwide gender equality rankings. In India women are discriminated and marginalized at every level of the society whether it is social participation, economic opportunity and economic participation, political participation, access to education or access to nutrition and reproductive health care. A significant few in the society still consider women as sex objects. Gender disparity is high, crimes against women are increasing and violence against women is all time high and in most cases go unreported. Dowry related problems and death is increasing and is profoundly manifesting in the urban population. Workplace harassment of women is another phenomenon which is rapidly increasing as more women join the workforce. Early age marriages are still taking place in large numbers and the number of girls going to school is abysmally low. Moreover majority of the girls who join the school drop out by the age of puberty to get married and live a life of drudgery. Female feticide and infanticide is starring the nation as one of the biggest social crisis. All this is happening despite the fact that there are number of programmes and policy initiatives that is being run by the government and other bodies. The year 2001 was declared as the National policy for empowerment of women. So it is time to ask the question whether we are moving in the right direction and where are we in terms of the paper actions and the actual ground realities. Women empowerment in India: Discrimination against women in all walks of life One of the major aspects of women empowerment in India is to change the attitude of society towards women. The problem in India is that the society never worked on the premise of gender equality from a long-long time. Atrocities and discrimination against women is a way of daily life in Indian society. There is an attitude which still prevails in India where women are considered to be only worthwhile of household activities and managing the children. The veil system, child marriage and dowry are testimonies to this truth. Women have never been part of the mainstream society in India and they are still considered as a great liability. If we just look at the sex ratio it will show the plight of women in India. It is the lowest at around 933. Female literacy is just 54. 6 % as per 2001 Census. In Indian parliament and assemblies women have never represented more than 10%. Most of the women workers in India are outside the organized sector. Administrators, managers, professionals combined together and technical workers on the other hand are the lowest at 2. 3% and 20 % respectively. Now these figures gives the real truth of the actual mentality of the society which has restricted women, marginalized w omen and discriminated against women quite openly. Can we achieve women empowerment in India with these alarming and dismal figures? djustments and sharing of gender based specific performance or tasks which are Women empowerment in India: Ending gender inequality and gender bias It has to be understood that unless we change the basic social attitude which cultivates gender inequality and gender bias we would not be able to achieve much in terms of women empowerment in India. There are many laws and there have been many amendments that have been carried out to end the discrimination against women and empower women in all aspects of life. Gender equality is enshrined in Indian constitution and constitution empowers the state to end the gender based discrimination against women. There is reservation of seats in local bodies and municipalities and another law is being envisioned for reservation in parliament. But the sad part is that all these laws and amendments have become toothless as the fundamental problems lies in the attitude of the society which is highly biased against women. Now what is the solution? The only solution is for women to come together as a unifying force and initiate self empowering actions at the ground level. Let it happen even if it is at a slow pace initially but it must happen despite however small the initial steps might look like. So the connection is very clear. Once we work towards self empowerment through small number of infinite actions, we become aware of the ground realities and then we can think about taking further recourse towards changing the mindset of the society which fosters gender inequality and bias. When we talk about women empowerment in India the most important aspect that comes into the mind is the attitude of the society towards women. Women are still considered as burden and liabilities. They are also considered as properties. These kinds of attitudes give birth to the evil of violence against women. Women empowerment in India is not possible unless violence against women is eradicated from the society. National Commission of women was created in 1992 and Convention of elimination of all forms of discrimination against women was ratified in 1993. Apart from the laws and policy formulations the violence against women can be only tackled through attitudinal change that need to take place in the family, in the society and the female members of the society as well. Only this attitudinal change and proactive action against violence by every single individual will help in galvanising the slumbering structures of the government and society towards further concrete steps and action. Unless society accepts gender equality as a fundamental principle of human existence all efforts will only partially bear results. Gender sensitisation and gender training is primary need of the hour. The struggle of gender equality should be carried at every level and it should overcome the barriers of caste, class, race and religion. RIDDLES 1. There is a bus full of people travelling over San Francisco and no one gets off the bus throughoutthe journey. But when it gets to the other side there is not a single person left. How is thispossible? A. They are all married. 2. How do you fit ten horses (pictures. All seperate pictures. ) in 9 boxes? A. One letter for each stable. [T][E][N] [H][O][R][S][E][S] 3. What can keep you alive but kill someone else? What can let you have fun but can take you away? A. The sea 4. What is seven lettersis greater than god more evil than the devil a homeless person has it a wealthy person needs it what is it? A. splinter 5. figure out if you can read this or not Yy u r Yy 4 me u b i c u Yy 4 me A. to wise you are to wise for me you be I see you to wise for me 6. there is 3houses the red house is next to the white house and the white house right of the red house the blue house is next to the white house. wheres the white house at? A. this is not only a trick question it can be a normal question the white is in the middle and washington d. c/ in the riddle you can always trick to person you told it to if they think its a normal question and say in the center or middle u can say was

pH Definition and Equation in Chemistry

pH Definition and Equation in Chemistry pH is a measure of hydrogen ion concentration,  a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. The pH scale usually ranges from 0 to 14.  Aqueous solutions at 25 °C with a pH less than 7 are acidic, while those with a pH greater than 7 are basic or alkaline. A pH level of 7.0 at 25 °C is defined as neutral  because the concentration of H3O equals the concentration of OH− in pure water. Very strong acids might have a negative pH, while very strong bases might have a pH greater than 14. pH Equation The equation for calculating pH was proposed in 1909 by Danish biochemist  Sà ¸ren Peter Lauritz Sà ¸rensen: pH -log[H] where log is the base-10 logarithm and [H] stands for the hydrogen ion concentration in units of moles per liter solution. The term pH comes from the German word potenz, which means power, combined with H, the element symbol for hydrogen, so pH is an abbreviation for power of hydrogen. Examples of pH Values of Common Chemicals We work with many acids (low pH) and bases (high pH) every day. Examples of pH values of lab chemicals and household products include: 0: hydrochloric acid2.0: lemon juice2.2: vinegar4.0: wine7.0: pure water (neutral)7.4: human blood13.0: lye14.0: sodium hydroxide Not All Liquids Have a pH Value pH only has meaning in an aqueous solution (in water). Many chemicals, including liquids, do not have pH values. If theres no water, theres no pH.  For example, there is no pH value for vegetable oil, gasoline, or pure alcohol. IUPAC Definition of pH The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) has a slightly different pH scale that is based on electrochemical measurements of a standard buffer solution. Essentially, the definition uses the equation: pH -log aH where aH stands for hydrogen activity, which is the effective concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution. This might be slightly different from the true concentration. The IUPAC pH scale also includes thermodynamic factors, which may influence pH. For most situations, the standard pH definition is sufficient. How pH Is Measured Rough pH measurements  can  be made using litmus paper or another type of pH paper known to change colors around a certain pH value. Most indicators and pH papers are useful only to tell whether a substance is an acid or a base or to identify pH within a narrow range. A universal indicator is a mixture of indicator solutions intended to provide a color change over a pH range of 2 to 10. More accurate measurements are made using primary standards to calibrate a glass electrode and pH meter. The electrode works by measuring the potential difference between a hydrogen electrode and a standard electrode. An example of a standard electrode is silver chloride. Uses of pH pH is used in everyday life as well as science and industry. Its used in cooking (e.g., reacting baking powder and an acid to make baked goods rise), to design cocktails, in cleaners, and in food preservation. Its important in pool maintenance and water purification, agriculture, medicine, chemistry, engineering, oceanography, biology, and other sciences.

Why a Coffee Power Nap Works

Why a Coffee Power Nap Works Youre tired, but you dont have time to really sleep. Rather than taking a power nap or grabbing a cup of coffee, try taking a coffee power nap. Heres what a coffee power nap is and why it actually leaves you feeling more refreshed and awake than either a power nap or a cup of coffee or even a nap followed by coffee. What Is a Coffee Power Nap? You know what coffee is, but it might be helpful to review the power nap concept. A power nap is a short nap (15-20 minutes) that takes you into stage 2 sleep. Its just long enough to stave off some of the worst effects of sleep deprivation or exhaustion, but not so long that it drags you into slow wave sleep (SLS) or deep sleep, which would leave you feeling groggy if you ended it too soon (sleep inertia). Research has shown that even a 6-10 minute nap helps improve concentration, alertness, motor performance, and learning, while a 30 minute nap confers the benefits of a full sleep cycle, markedly reducing fatigue and reversing much of the physiological damage of sleep deprivation. A coffee power nap or caffeine power nap is when you drink coffee or a caffeinated beverage right before settling down for your nap. How a Coffee Power Nap Works The short explanation is that it takes about 20 minutes for caffeine to jolt your system and 45 minutes before it reaches maximum effect. So, the caffeine doesnt keep you from falling asleep, but its there to boost your performance the minute you wake up. Heres the longer explanation: When you drink coffee or tea or your favorite energy drink, the caffeine is absorbed into your blood stream through the walls of the small intestine. From there, the molecule travels to your brain, binding to the receptors that would accept adenosine, a molecule that accumulates when you are tired and causes you to feel sleepy. So, about 20 minutes after taking it, caffeine helps you feel more awake because additional adensoine cant find a binding location. When you sleep, even if its just a quick nap, your body naturally clears the adenosine from the neural receptors. This is why you feel more awake after a nap. When you drink coffee and take a nap, the sleep clears the adenosine so you wake up feeling refreshed, and then the caffeine kicks in and blocks the receptors so you wont get tired again as quickly. Plus, caffeine boosts your metabolism and gives you all those other great stimulant side effects. Its a win-win situation. How Do We Know It Works? Scientists cant get into your brain to see the neural receptors and measure binding rates, but the effects of the coffee power naps have been observed. One study conducted by scientists  at Loughborough University in the UK found that tired study participants made fewer mistakes in a driving simulator following a 15-minute coffee power nap. They got the benefits of the nap even if they reported having trouble falling asleep. Japanese researchers found test subjects performed better on memory tests and felt more rested following caffeine naps. The Japanese study also indicated exposure to bright light following a nap or washing your face could help wake you up.Of course, I advise you to conduct your own experiment to test out the coffee nap for yourself! How To Take a Coffee Nap Drink coffee or tea containing 100-200 mg of caffeine. Dont add sugar or milk. If you choose an energy drink, go sugar-free or else the surge in blood glucose levels may keep you from falling asleep. Alternatively, you could take a caffeine pill.Set your alarm for 20 minutes. Dont go past 30 minutes because the coffee nap works best if youre awake when the caffeine hits your system.Relax. Sleep. Enjoy. It helps to wear an eye mask or turn out the lights. Its okay if you cant fall all the way asleep. Research indicates even deep relaxation, such as meditation, makes a big difference.Wake up feeling refreshed! References Anahad OConnor, October 31, 2011, The New York Times, Really? The Claim: For a More Restful Nap, Avoid Caffeine, Retrieved Aug. 21, 2015. Rose Eveleth, Smithsonian magazine, October 24, 2013, What Is the Exactly Perfect Time to Drink Your Coffee?, Retrieved Aug. 21, 2015. Corrie Pikul, September 27, 2012, Oprah magazine, 6 More Health Myths- Busted!, Retrieved Aug. 21, 2015. Like this? You may also be interested in whether coffee can really sober up a drunk.

Design Process Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Design Process - Case Study Example Interactive systems design is essential in creating software interfaces. The aim is to illustrate how the prototypes can help designers generate and demonstrate what they intend to deliver. Designers can get feedback from clients and users of the software before completing the development process. The prototypes enable developers choose among the best alternatives in order create the best solution (Langer, 2008). This is usually accompanied with reason in the documentation of why the designer chose the alternative. A prototype is just a representation or a model of an interactive system. The software may not be presented in its full detail, but the interface must be fully presented. The interface may only handle a small code or algorithm in the system, but it is essential in interactive systems. Prototypes usually require several design phases that would take the user through scale of the interactive system. It is essential for software prototypes to develop into final software produ cts because it carries the user’s expectation. When a user is pleased with a representation of the software prototype, it is logical to deliver to the expectation of the user. The process of creativity in software design is intuitive and oriented on new discoveries. Generating new ideas is more essential than evaluating existing ideas to ensure that everything is in order. Creating an interface is a process that involves the inclusion of Human-Computer Interaction. Human Computer Interaction is a multidisciplinary subject that combines scientific elements with design (Dix, 2004). Interface design is a creative process but requires software engineering skills to evolve into operational software. Scientific methods are also used to study the effectiveness of the interfaces and software. Different design processes requires different prototype applications prototypes are either part of the design or just design objects. Prototypes that are viewed as design objects have benefits t hat include support of creativity and helping developer to generate ideas. The prototypes can also help a designer explore the design working space and discover some issues about the user. The prototype also encourages communication between the user and developer during the design process. This is likely to reduce the amount of errors that are usually generated during the development process. There are four dimensions that can be used to define prototypes and their application. The first dimension is the representation technique, which describes the form of prototype used. They include computer simulations and paper sketches. The next dimension is the precision that involves a level of detail where the prototype is evaluated. The evaluation criteria used is whether the prototype is highly polished or rough. The interactivity dimension describes the extent in which the user can interact with the prototype. This is best achieved when the prototype is fully interactive (Pilone & Miles, 2008). The evolution is the final dimension, which describes the expected life cycle of the prototype. Some of the expected lifecycles include iterative and throw away life cycles. This project design requires the use of representational prototype because it involves the use of computer simulations. This is because the project takes the form of a computer program. A number of sketches on paper are considered a prototype, but a computer simulation is the most appropriate prototype in this case. An online prototype is